Lyte soket



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A, H* SGRET, 3. HURTU 8v V. HAUTEN.

CIRCULAR Loom.

No. 491,324. Patented Feb-7,1893,

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5 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. H. SORBT., J. HURTU 8u V. HAUTIN.

CIRCULAR LOOM.

Patentad Feb. -7, 1893.

WTNESSES:

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

A. H. SORET, J. HURTU & V. HAUTIN.

CIRCULAR LOOM.

Patented Feb. 7, l893- mwN-sums PETERS co. PHToLm-vov. vwmcron, o. c,

(No Model.) 5 sheets-snee@ 5,

A. H. SORET, J. HURTU in V, HAUTIN.

CIRCULAR LOOM.

N0. 491,324, Patented-Peb. 7, 1893,

FIG. 7

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l zaga/Mu@ @EMV h l )BM M /lmm W @l Unirse Straf-ries Barnum @unioniAlliiABLE HIPPOLYTE SCRET, OF ELBEUF, AND JACQUES HURTU AND VICTORHAUTIN, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

ornent/iu LOOM.

SFECIFXATIQN forming part of Letters Patent No. 491,324, dated February'7, 1893.,

Application filed October 2d, 1888. Serial No. 289,083. (No model.)Patented in France February 20, 1888, No, 188,836; in

England August 10,1888,No.11,521,andiu Germany August. 2l, 1888, No.47,760.

ToA nil whom t may con/cern:

Be it known that we, AMABLE HIPPO- LYTE SORET, of Elbeuf,(Seine-Infrieure) and faucons Home and Vieron 11i-torni, of Paristeina)France, have invented lm provements in Circular Looms, (for which wehave obtained Letters Patentin France, No.188,83(5,

dated February 20, 1888; in Great Britain, No.t

11,521, dated August 10, 1888, and in Germany, No. Y17,760, dated August:21, 18%,) of which the following is a specification.

This in vention relates to circular looms for Weaving textile fabricsand has for its object to insure a regular action of the mechanism andobtaining fabrics in which the tension of the warp and weft threads isequalized.

The main features of our invention are: First. The action of theshuttles and their mode of advancing between the warp threads. Second.The method of driving these shuttles bya divided bat-ten which alsoserves to beat up the weft threads. rlihird. Method of taliing up thewoven fabrics by means of hoops partalting of reciprocating verticalmovements.

The loom admits of the use of a Jacquard mechanism and is under thecontrol of an attendant who stands in the center of the machine. l

Our invention involves no alteration in the structure or forma-tion ofthe fabric which is produced as in ordinary looms by the introduction ofa weft thread in the shed or opening of the warp threads and we willconsequently confine ourselves to describing the particular arrangementsand act-ion of the parts which we have invented.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in verticalsection, taken through the axis, a circular loom according to thisinvention and illustrates the starting motion, the mechanism for openingthe shed, taking up the fabric, che. Fig. 2 represents a partial plan ofthe loom, the upper part being removed. Fig. 3 represents a partial planot the upper part ct' the side opposite to that represented in Fig. 2,and showing the Jacquard mechanism in its position at the upper part ofthe loom. Fig. eirepresents a vertical section taken through the axis ofone of the jacquards and illustrating the arrangement of the cords orchains working the heddles. Figs, 5 and G illustrate in elevation and inplan respectively a modification of the arrangement ot' the dividedhatten and of the shuttle which it drives. Fig. 7 illustrates theimproved arrangement ot the beam with a brake. Figs. S and 9 representdilferent views 0f vthe several arrangements of the divided hatten.Figs. 10, 11 and 12 illustrate separately the shuttle, its mode oftraveling in the opening of the warp threads and the beating up ot thewett. Fig. 13 is a view on a larger scale of a det-ail.

The circular loom illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 3, is constructed with aframework composed of uprights A suitably fixed or supported on thetloor and connected together by rigid rings or other suitable supports.These uprights carry the reels or beams C for the warp threads, theinternal and external breast beams I and D respectively, the Jacquardmechanism B, the external platform G and a radially slotted table J. Atthe center of this framework there is a support F carrying an internalplatform Gr provided at its circumference with four vertical guides orslides H supporting the inner edge ot' the table J. The platform Gcarries a central hollow pillar K supporting atits upper part astartingmechanism P for starting and stopping the weaving mechanism and alsosupporting the parts controlling` the taking up of the fabric, themechanism for feeding forward the material being situated in theinterior of the said pillar. Mechanism connected with the starting ofthe loom and the taking up of the fabric is also arranged at the lowerpart of the frame underneath the platform G.

The warp beams C, any suitable number of which may be employed, arearranged around the loom and are provided with abralte which impedes thetoo rapid unwinding ot the thread. This brake (see Fig. 7) is providedwith a strap embracing a brake pulley, and being attached at one end tothe frame and at the other to a leverE loaded with suitable weightsaccording to the amount of retarding friction which it is desired toexert on the beam. The beams C are removable so that roo they can bereplaced by full beams when empty. The warp threads are drawn from thebeams C over rods C5, Figs 1 and 2, which direct the threadstangentially over the outer breast beam D, Figs. 5 and 6, and equalizethe length and tension of the said threads during the whole of theperiod of the formation of the fabric. The said rods obviate theinconvenience that would otherwise arise from the polygonal arrangementor grouping of the beams around theloom and the gradual diminution oftheir diameters. The progress of the 'unwinding may be watched by a boyor attendant stationed on the outer platform G. The outer beam D, overwhich the warp threads from the beams C are drawn may be composed of aseries of short loose rollers working on a bar or rod of suitable shape,Figs. 1 and 2, or it may consist of rigid bars or segments connectingthe uprghts, Fig. 5.

The leaves N, (Figs. 1 and 2,) which are employed to operate the warpand form the shed, are divided into a series of independent sectionseach containing a suitable number of heddles. The loom represented byway of example in the drawings is arranged for four sections eachcontainingten heddles. Each leaf is formed by two flat bars n and n ofiron bent to the required curve according to their distance from thecenter, and guided at their extremities in guides c (Figs. 1, 2 and 6)attached to the uprights of the frame. Each leaf carries a series ofheddles stretched vertically between the bars n n and carrying suitableeyes at the center for the passage of the warp threads. These leaves andheddles which open the warp threads being well known it is unnecessaryto give further details with regard to their construction and action,but it must be understood that owing to their curvature they aresuspended on vertical lines passing through their centers of gravity bymeans of attachments A4, Figs. 1 and 5. Moreover the leaves aresuspended from the hook of the jacquard by means of chains E guided byrods b attached to their extremities (Fig. 1.)

The jacquards B, which control the action of the leaves, are arranged atthe upper part of the loom, Figs. 1, 3 and 4, and receive motion from ashaft B operated by the main shaft A by suitable gearing. The jacquardsoperate in the usual manner, but act alternately to change the positionof the warp in opening the shed for the passage of the weft. The loom inthe example illustrated being divided into four sections, the Jacquardmechanism is similarly divided and` works in pairs, there being twoshuttles.

The divided hatten of sley hereinbet'orerefcrred to is made in separateparts and is guided in the slots in the table J, Figs. 1 and 2;

each of the said parts is com posed of a rocking rod or arm M, (Figs. 1and 9,) at the upper extremity of which there are attached a number ofthin steel plates O separated by washers or distance pieces of suitablethickness, and connected together by a rivet a, the warp threads passingthrough the open spaces between the said plates. These plates are cut toa shape which facilitates the progress of the shuttle Bl (Figs. 2 and6). At the lower part of the arm M there is a loose bowl or roller Mworking in a groove in an annular cam P, Fig. 1, which imparts to thearms the movements necessary to admit of the passage of theshuttle Bt.These arms may be differently arranged as indicated in Figs. 5 and 8. InFig. 8 the blades are attached to asliding bar M10 guided on the slottedtable J being provided at its lower part by the bowl which works in thecam groove P. The divided batten is Worked by the cam P carried bysupports Q (Figs. 1 and 5) formed in one with a toothed bevel wheel Rworking on the central support F. and driven by a corresponding bevelpinion L fixed on the main driving shaft A. The groove of this cam ismade with curves or inclines which move back the battens O in order toallow the shuttle B4 to pass and then canse them to move forward orclose up behind the shuttle so as to push it forward Aand compel it totravel round the loom according tothe movement-s of the annular cam P(Figs. 2 and 6).

The shuttle B4 placed in the open angle formed by the warp threads isprovided at its front end with a lens shaped roller or wheel C4, Figs.1, 2, 10 and 11 and at the hinder end with a similar roller D4 whichroll on the last crossing of the warp threads and press thereon, thustraveling along the circular shed. The middle part of the shuttle, ofcircular form, contains a bobbin carrying the weft thread. The tube E4guides the weft thread and places it in front of the edge of the wheelD4 which rolls on the thread and lays it in the place which it has tooccupy in the fabric. This wheel having rolled over the thread thebatten closes up immediately behind the shuttle, finishing the beatingup of the weft and maintaining it untilthe next crossing of the warp.While one shuttle is traveling round one quarter of the circumference ofthe loom4 the warp threads in the succeeding quarter are shifted and theshed reopened so that the two shuttles are enabled to advance followingone another in their circular path without any stops and depositing theweft thread in the dierent sheds. The speed at which the shuttles movebeing relatively slower than in rectilinear loomsthe weft thread may bestretched and introduced into the fabric in this condition without riskof breakage. Notwithstanding this the weaving progresses faster, theshuttle not being stopped as in rectilinear looms. Another effectresulting from this arrangement is that the weft thread is firmlypressed up between the warp threads by the action of the travel-A ingwheels of the shuttle and the intimate or close contact of the threadsis completed by the hatten acting directly behind the shuttle.

Fig. 6 illustrates a modified form of the IOO IIO

shuttle which may be employed with advantage in certain kinds of work.tlc travels along the shed the front wheel Ci produces a depression inthe fabric, Fig. lO, which is utilized to support the wheel andfacilitate the motion. Vith this object the rings or annular plates Iand Z, Figs. l and ll, supporting the fabric in course of formation arearranged to forni a tangent with the curve of the depression produced bythe wheel Di1v so that the said wheel is supported thereon and itsrolling action is facilitated. lt will be observed that the wheel isheld out of contact with the said rings by the warp threads only. T hefabric expanding immediately behind the wheel D1 projects slightly fromthe edges of the rings l Z and allows the hatten O, Fig. l2, to performthe beating up of the weft against the said rings. The taking up of thefabric produced is performed by means of a loop or annular clamp X,Figs. l. and 5, against the inner edge of which the fabric is nipped orheld by an open ring Y which is expanded or contracted so as to hold orrelease the fabric by means of a cam Y2, Elige. 2 and l, provided at theopening in the ring.

Fig. i3 shows in detail the means for eX- panding the open ring Y. Onthe ends formed by the opening of the ring are brackets g5 y2. The camY2 is pivoted at its end y2 to one of the brackets, fy, at 'y'. A pin yon the bracket y works in the groove @13114 in the cam Y2. As this camis pushed outward thepin 'y will slidealong the groove y2 and enter thecurved part 3,14, and in this position will hold the ring in itsexpanded position, as the cam is drawn inward, the pin y sliding in thegroove g3 allows the ring Y to contract. The hoop X is provided withnuts Y in which work vertical screws S which by the intervention ofbevel wheels s and radially arranged shafts T are driven by a centralbevel wheel S2. These screws S raise or lower the clamp formed by thehoops or rings X and Y. 'The said wheel S2 is connected to a shaft U bymeans of a friction cone or clutch R2 operated by the lever T2, ringsU2, helical spring Y2 and the adjusting screw X2. By working this screwthe attendant stationed on the platform G is enabled to release theclutch and disconnect the wheel S2 in order to arrest the movement ofthe screws and consequently also that of the hoop X. The shaft U isdriven by the shaft l which receives motion fromv the shaft A', when thehoop X is to be moved downward, and from a bolt working ou a' pulley X',when the hoop is to be moved upward, as hereinafter explained. The shaftA drives the shaft l. by means of an eccentric T acting through a pawllever upon a ratchet wheel U which imparts a stepby-step motion to theshaft l in a suitable direction for taking up the fabric. The pulley Xon the contrary causes the shaft l to rotate in the direction required.for raising the hoop X. lt is consequently necessary to arrange theratchet wheel U and As the shut-V the pulley X loosely upon the shaft land to place a clutch mechanism between them so as to alternatelyconnect and disconnect them from the shaft. This clutch marked Y inFigs. l and 2 is worked by the attendant by means of a cam Y at theupper part of the pillar K operating a vertical rod Q con nected to abell crank lever R', rod S', and a lever L working in the throat orgroove of the clutch. When the hoops X Y have been slowly brought downby the aforesaid stepby-step motionk to the bottom of their stroke, theloom is stopped as hereinafter described and the fabric is clamped tothe breast beam l by the hoop Z, which is constructed to be tightened ina similar manner to the hoop Y. This being done the hoop Y is loosenedby acting on the cam Y2 and the pulley X is put in gear in order torapidly elevate the hoop X. At the same time the hoop Y is raised byworkin g a winch Z2 connected to the said hoop by suitable cords c. Thehoop Y is tightened in the hoop X when the motion of the hoop X has beenarrested. Then the fabric between the hoops Z and X is stretched byturning a crank handle Z on the upper extremity of the shaft U. The hoopZ is now loosened, the ratchet wheel U is put in gear and the loomstarted afresh.

The mechanism for starting and stopping the loom is situated on the mainshaft A supported by bearings cast or otherwise attached to a base orsupport WV, Figs. l and 2, and consists of a loose pulley J driven by abelt and provided with a friction cone K which is incapable of rotationindependent of the shaft A', but can slide longitudinally thereon. Onbeing pressed toward the pulley J the cone causes the shaft A to rotatewith a speed proportionate to the pressure exerted. 0n being broughtback in the opposite direction toward a fixed ring O it renders theshaft A immovable, stopping with it a quicliness proportionate to thepressure exerted. This friction cone or clutch is worked by a lever L2moved by a rod S", a bell crank leverR, a rod Q, and a cam P situated atthe center of the loom at the upper part of the pillar K withinconvenient reach of the attendant stationed on the platform G. Thefabric woven ina tubular form as herein before described is afterwardcut in alongitudinal or helical direction according as it is desired toobtain pieces of material of great width or pieces in which the warpthreads and the weft threads are equally inclined or oblique relativelyto the direction of the length of the piece. ln the first case there isa saving owing to the avoidance of waste,in the second case greaterstrength is obtained for clothing purposes.

The circular loom herein described with reference to the drawings, byway of example only, may be modified as regards the dimensions and maybe arranged with one shuttle and two sections of leaves or with twoshuttlcs and four sections (as in the example illus- IOO IIO

trated) or with four shuttles and eight sections, and so on, thisbeingrendered possible owing to the smallness of the shuttles relativelyto the length of the circumference. In like manner each section ofleaves can be provided with any suitable number of leaves to accommodatethem to the Jacquard mechanism employed according to the pattern or tieup.

We claim as our invention:-

l. In circular looms a device for taking up the woven fabric consistingof two hoops, a cam to press the one against the other, and mechanismsubstantially as described for lowering the hoops step by step,substantially as set forth.

2. In circular looms a device for taking up the woven fabric consistingof hoops, a cam to press the one against the other, mechanismsubstantially as described for lowering` the hoops step by step, anddevices for rapidly raising the hoops to again grasp the cloth,substantially as set forth.

3. In a circular loom, the combination of the inner breast-beam, and ahoop Z, with a shuttle provided with lenticular wheels which bearagainst thebreast-beam and hoop, and a divided hatten and means toreciprocate the latter to close in behind the shuttle and propel itforward, and to complete the beating up of the weft, substantially asset forth.

t. In a circular loom the combination of a circular breast-beam, adivided batten sul rounding the breast-beam, heddles outside the hatten,beams for the warp and an external platform for the attendant watchingthe bobbins, with an internal platform, take-up mechanism inside thebreast-beam, and mechanism for stopping and starting the loom and foroperating the take-up device, located at or near the center of theinternal platform and within reach of the weaver on the internalplatform, substantially as described.

5. A circular loom comprising beams provided with brakes, Jacquardmechanism, heddles operated by the Jacquard mechanism, a breast-beam, ahoop adapted to be closed down upon the breast-beam, shuttles adapted tobear against the breast-beam and hoops, battens to act on the shuttles,a cam adapted to oscillate the battens, a take-up device consisting ofvertically reciprocating hoops, starting and stopping devices andmechanism to operate the movable parts, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

AIMABLE HIPPOLYTE SORET. JACQUES HURTU. VICTOR HAUTIN. Witnesses forHippolyte Aimable Soret:

E. LEoTsERN, APHE HEUILLANT.

Vitnesses for Jacques IIurtu and Victor Hautin:

LEON FRANCKEUR, R. J. PRESTON.

